À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚµé ¾î¶»°Ô ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚµé°ú À¯»çÇÑ°¡? by Barry Arrington
How TEs Are Like YECs or the Explanation of the Illusion is Itself an Illusion
by Barry Arrington
À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚµé ¾î¶»°Ô ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚµé°ú À¯»çÇÑ°¡? ȯ»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼³¸í ±× ÀÚü°¡ ȯ»óÀÏ ¼ö Àִ°¡?
¹ø¿ª: C. Hwang
I do not reject YEC reasoning such as this as a logical impossibility. By this I mean that while God cannot do logically impossible things (e.g., he cannot make a ¡°square circle¡± or cause 2+2 to equal 73), he can perform miracles. He can turn water into wine; he can make five loaves of bread and two fish feed thousands of people. Indeed, the very act of creating the universe — no matter when he did it — was a miracle. Therefore, I conclude that God, being God, could have created the universe on October 23, 4004 BC and made it look billions of years old just as the YECs say, even if that is not what I personally believe.
³ª´Â ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚµéÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» ³í¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î °ÅÀýÇÏÁø ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ³» ¸»Àº Çϳª´ÔÀÌ ³í¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ °ÍÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø±ä ÇÏÁö¸¸ (¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ³×¸ðÀÌ¸é¼ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¼¼¸ðÀÎ ¸ð¾çÀ» ¸¸µç´Ù°Å³ª 2+2°¡ 73ÀÌ µÇµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â µî), ±×´Â ±âÀûÀ» ÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â ¹°À» Æ÷µµÁÖ·Î ¸¸µé¸ç ¿Àº´À̾îÀÇ ±âÀûÀ» º£Çª½Ã´Â ºÐÀÌ´Ù. ½Ç·Î, ¿ìÁÖÀÇ Ã¢Á¶´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ±âÀû°úµµ °°Àº °ÍÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ³ª´Â Çϳª´ÔÀÌ ±â¿øÀü 4004³â 10¿ù 23ÀÏ¿¡ ¿ìÁÖ¸¦ ¸¸µå¼ÌÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù°í °á·Ð³»¸®¸ç, ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚ°¡ ÁÖÀåÇϵíÀÌ ¿ìÁÖ°¡ ´ÜÁö ¼ö½Ê¾ï³âÀÇ ³ªÀÌ·Î º¸À̵µ·Ï âÁ¶µÇ¾úÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù°í °á·ÐÀ» ³»¸°´Ù. ºñ·Ï ³»°¡ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¹ÏÁø ¾ÊÁö¸¸ ¸»ÀÌ´Ù.
Very interestingly, despite the fact that most people believe that it is a scientifically proven ¡°fact¡± that the speed of light has always been the same as it is now, it most certainly is not. The current speed of light is an observable scientific fact. We cannot, however, know with certainty what the speed of light was before observations of the speed of light were made. It might seem so, but what I am saying is not in the least controversial. Mainstream scientists admit that their assumptions about the fixed nature of the speed of light in the remote past are just that, assumptions. In philosophical terms, mainstream scientists subscribe to ¡°uniformitarianism,¡± the assumption that physical processes operated in the past the same way they are observed to operate now. YEC scientists by and large reject uniformitarianism. Which group is correct is beside my point. The point is that uniformitarianism is an assumption of most scientists. It has not been, and indeed as a matter of strict logic cannot be, demonstrated by science. In other words, the uniformitarian assumption is part of the interpretive framework mainstream scientists bring to bear on the evidence. The uniformitarian assumption is not part of the evidence itself.
Èï¹Ì·Ó°Ôµµ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ºûÀÇ ¼Óµµ°¡ Ç×»ó ÀÏÁ¤Çß´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» °úÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î Áõ¸íµÈ ¡°»ç½Ç¡±·Î ¹ÏÀ½¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í »ç½ÇÀº ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê´Ù. ÇöÀçÀÇ ºûÀÇ ¼Óµµ´Â ÃøÁ¤°¡´ÉÇÑ °úÇÐÀû »ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¿ì¸®´Â °üÂûµÈÀû ¾ø´Â °ú°ÅÀÇ ºûÀÇ ¼Óµµ¸¦ È®½ÇÈ÷ ¾Ë ±æÀº ¾ø´Ù. ¹°·Ð ¾Ë°Ô µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ»Áöµµ ¸ð¸¦ ÀÏÀÌÁö¸¸ ³»°¡ Áö±Ý ¸»ÇÏ°íÀÚÇÏ´Â ¹Ù´Â ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ¸Å¿ì ³í¶õÀûÀÎ »ç¾ÈÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÁÖ·ù °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ±×µéÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ¸Õ °ú°ÅÀÇ ºûÀÇ ¼Óµµ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ÍÀÌ °¡Á¤ÀÓÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. öÇÐÀû ¿ë¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÀÚ¸é ÁÖ·ù °úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ¡°µ¿ÀÏ°úÁ¤¼³uniformitarianism¡±À̶ó´Â, °ú°ÅÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû °úÁ¤ÀÌ °üÃøµÇ´Â ÇöÀç¿Í °°Àº ¹æ½ÄÀ̾úÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó´Â °¡Á¤À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù. Áß¿äÇÑ Á¡Àº uniformitarianismÀº ´ëºÎºÐ °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÇ °¡Á¤À̶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ³í¸®¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °úÇп¡ ÀÇÇØ ¼³¸íµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¸»·ÎÇϸé uniformitarian °¡Á¤Àº ÁÖ·ù °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ±Ù°ÅµéÀ» ´Ù·ç´Â ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ Çؼ®Àû ƲÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Uniformitarian °¡Á¤ÀÌ ±Ù°Å ±× ÀÚü´Â ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
This brings me back to my point. No matter how long and hard you argue with a YEC proponent you will never convince him based on appeals to the evidence. Yes, he has the same evidence that you do, but he interprets that evidence within a different interpretive framework. You might think his interpretive framework is flawed, but you cannot say, as a matter of strict logic, that his interpretive framework must necessarily be flawed. In other words, you must admit that as a matter of strict logic it is possible for light to be slower now than it was in the past. And given the premise of some YECs that light is in fact slower now than it was in the past is, their conclusions might then follow.
ÀÌÁ¦ ´Ù½Ã ³íÁ¡À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿ÀÀÚ. ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª ¿À·¡µ¿¾È, ¿½ÉÈ÷ ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚ¿¡°Ô ±Ù°Å¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ³íÀïÀ» ÇÑµé ´ç½ÅÀº ±Ù°Å¿¡ È£¼ÒÇÔÀ¸·Î¼ ±×µéÀ» ¼³µæ½ÃÅ°Áö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù. ±×µéµµ ´ç½Å°ú °°Àº ±Ù°Å¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×µéÀº ±× ±Ù°Å¸¦ ´Ù¸¥ Çؼ®ÇÐÀû Ʋ¾È¿¡¼ Çؼ®ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ´ç½ÅÀº ±×µéÀÇ Çؼ®Àû ƲÀÌ Æ²·È´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÒÁö ¸ð¸£°ÚÁö¸¸, ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ³í¸®·Î »ó´ë¹æÀÇ Çؼ®Àû ƲÀÌ À߸øµÇ¾ú°í ÇÒ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ´Ù¸¥¸»·ÎÇÏ¸é ³í¸®¸¸À» °¡Áö°í¼´Â °ú°Å¿¡ ºñÇØ ÇöÀç ºûÀÇ ¼Óµµ°¡ ´À·ÁÁ³´Ù´Â °Í ¿ª½Ã °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇؾßÇÑ´Ù´Â ¶æÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â °ú°ÅÀÇ ºûÀÇ ¼Óµµ°¡ ´õ »¡¶úÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó´Â °¡Á¤ÇÏ¿¡¼´Â ±×µéÀÇ °á·Ð¿¡ ¹®Á¦´Â ¾ø´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù.
Why do YECs reject uniformitarianism? Because they are devoted to a particular interpretation of the Biblical creation account. They believe the Bible says the universe was created in six days a few thousand years ago, and if they are going to believe the Bible is true they must therefore believe the universe was created in six days a few thousand years ago. It does no good to appeal to logic or evidence. As I have demonstrated above, a young universe is not a logical impossibility and no matter what evidence you adduce that, to you, indicates the universe is very old, the YEC will have an answer (e.g., ¡°light has slowed down¡±).
¿Ö ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚµéÀº uniformitarianismÀ» °ÅºÎÇϴ°¡? ¿Ö³ÄÇÏ¸é ±×µéÀº ¼º°æ¿¡¼ À̾߱âÇϴ âÁ¶±â»çÀÇ Æ¯Á¤ Çؼ®ÇÐÀû ¹æ½Ä¿¡ Çå½ÅµÈ »ç¶÷µéÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¼º°æÀÌ ¿ìÁÖ°¡ ¼öõ³âÀü 6ÀÏ°£ÀÇ ±â°£µ¿¾È âÁ¶µÇ¾ú´Ù°í ¸»ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¼º°æÀÌ ¸Â´Ù°í ¹Ï±â¶§¹®¿¡ ±×µéÀº ´ç¿¬È÷ ¿ìÁÖ°¡ ¼öõ³âÀü 6ÀÏ°£ÀÇ ±â°£µ¿¾È âÁ¶µÇ¾ú´Ù°í ¹Ï¾î¾ßÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ³í¸®³ª ±Ù°Å¿¡ È£¼ÒÇغÁ¾ß ¼Ò¿ëÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ¾Õ¼ ¾ð±ÞÇßµíÀÌ ÀþÀº Áö±¸´Â ³í¸®ÀûÀ¸·Î ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ ¾î¶² °³³äÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¸ç, ´ç½ÅÀÌ ¾î¶°ÇÑ ±Ù°Å¸¦ Á¦½ÃÇѵé ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚµéÀº ±×µé ³ª¸§ÀÇ ´äÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù (¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ºûÀÇ ¼Óµµ°¡ ´À·ÁÁ³´Ù´Â µî).
I was thinking about this yesterday when we were discussing the theistic evolutionists (TEs) over at BioLogos. TEs are like YECs in this respect — they cling to a scientific view that runs counter to the obvious evidence because of their prior commitments.
³ª´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÎºÐÀ» ¹ÙÀÌ¿À·Î°í½ºÀÇ À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚµé°ú Åä·ÐÇÏ¸é¼ »ý°¢ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚµéÀº ÀÌ·± Ãø¸é¿¡¼ ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚµé°ú À¯»çÇÏ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¸í¹éÈ÷ ±Ù°Å¿Í ¹Ý´ëµÇ´Â °úÇÐÀû °ßÇظ¦ ±×µéÀÇ ¼±ÇèÀû Çå½Å(prior commitments)¶§¹®¿¡ ºÙÀâ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Let me explain what I mean. Just as it is ¡°obvious¡± that the universe appears to be several billion years old, it is ¡°obvious¡± that living things appear to have been designed for a purpose. That statement is not based on my religious beliefs; even the atheists believe that living things appear to have been designed for a purpose. Arch-atheist Richard Dawkins famously said that ¡°Biology is the study of complicated things that give the appearance of having been designed for a purpose.¡± Surely our friends at BioLogos will go as far as atheist Dawkins and admit that living things ¡°appear¡± to have been designed for a purpose.
³»°¡ ¹«¾ùÀ» ¸»ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´ÂÁö ¼³¸íÇÏ°Ú´Ù. ¿ìÁÖ°¡ ¼ö½Ê¾ï³â µÈ°ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÌ´Â°Ô ¸í¹éÇϵíÀÌ »ý¸íü°¡ ƯÁ¤ ¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇØ ¼³°èµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸Àδٴ °Í ¶ÇÇÑ ¸í¹éÇÏ´Ù. ÀÌ ÁÖÀåÀº ³ªÀÇ Á¾±³Àû ¹ÏÀ½¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¹«½Å·ÐÀÚ Á¶Â÷ »ý¸íü°¡ ¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇØ ¼³°èµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÎ´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ¹«½Å·ÐÀÚ ¸®Ã³µå µµÅ²½º°¡ ÇÑ À¯¸íÇÑ ¸»Ã³·³ ¡°»ý¹°ÇÐÀ̶õ ¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇØ ¼³°èµÈ°Íó·³ º¸ÀÌ´Â º¹ÀâÇÑ °ÍµéÀ» °øºÎÇÏ´Â Çй®ÀÌ´Ù¡±. ´ç¿¬È÷ ¿ì¸®µéÀÇ Ä£±¸ ¹ÙÀÌ¿À·Î°í½º »ç¶÷µéµµ µµÅ²½º°¡ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏµí »ý¸íü´Â ¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇØ ¼³°èµÈ °Íó·³ ¡°º¸Àδ١±´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
Now notice the similarity between TEs and YECs: Everyone concedes that the universe appears to be billions of years old; everyone concedes that living things appear to have been designed for a purpose. YECs say the first appearance is an illusion. TEs say the second appearance is an illusion.
ÀÌÁ¦ À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚ¿Í ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚÀÇ À¯»ç¼º¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇÏ±æ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù. ¸ðµÎ°¡ ¿ìÁÖ´Â ¼ö½Ê¾ï³âÀÌ µÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸Àδٰí ÇÑ´Ù. ¸ðµÎ°¡ »ý¸íü´Â ¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇØ ¼³°èµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸Àδٰí ÇÑ´Ù. ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚ´Â ÀüÀÚ°¡ ȯ»óÀ̶ó À̾߱âÇÏ°í À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚ´Â ÈÄÀÚ¸¦ ȯ»óÀ̶ó À̾߱âÇÑ´Ù.
YECs reject the ¡°obvious¡± conclusion about the age of the universe because of their prior commitments. Why do TEs reject the ¡°obvious¡± conclusion about the design of living things? Further, why do TEs reject that obvious conclusion in the very teeth of the Biblical injunction to regard the appearance of design as proof of God¡¯s existence (Romans 1).
ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚµéÀº ±×µéÀÇ ¼±ÇèÀû Çå½Å¶§¹®¿¡ ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ³ªÀÌ¿¡ °üÇÑ ¸í¹éÇÑ °á·ÐÀ» °ÅºÎÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚµéÀº ¿Ö »ý¸íüÀÇ ¼³°è¿¡ °üÇÑ ¸í¹éÇÑ °á·ÐÀ» °ÅºÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀΰ¡? ´õ ³ª¾Æ°¡ ¿Ö À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚµéÀº ½Å Á¸ÀçÀÇ Áõ°Å·Î¼ ¼³°è¸¦ À̾߱âÇÏ´Â ¼º°æÀÇ ¸í¹éÇÑ °á·ÐÀ» °ÅºÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀΰ¡? (·Î¸¶¼1)
The answer has to do with what I call the ¡°cool kids¡± impulse that all humans have to one extent or another. When I was in school all of the ¡°cool kids¡± sat at a particular table at lunch, and everyone wanted to be in that group. I was not a cool kid, and I figured out pretty early that, for better or ill, the streak of stubborn individualism that runs to my very core would probably prevent me from ever being a cool kid. I refused to conform and in order to be a cool kid you have to conform to the other cool kids. Don¡¯t get me wrong. I very much wanted to be a cool kid. Everyone wants to be a cool kid, and believe me, my life would have been so much easier if I had been a cool kid. This is sociology 101. But I was unwilling (perhaps even unable) to pay the price of admission to the cool kids club – i.e., conformity.
ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ´äÀº ¸ðµç Àΰ£ÀÌ ¼·Î¿¡°Ô °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÒÀ§ ¡°ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵é (cool kids)¡± Ã浿°ú °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ³»°¡ Çб³¿¡ ´Ù´Ò ½ÃÀý ¸ðµç ¡°ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵顱Àº ƯÁ¤ Å×ÀÌºí¿¡ ¾É¾Æ Á¡½ÉÀ» ¸Ô¾ú°í, ¸ðµÎ°¡ ±× ±×·ì¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ±æ ¿øÇß´Ù. ³ª´Â ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú°í °íÁý½º·¯¿î ³ªÀÇ °³ÀÎÁÖÀÇ ¼ºÇâÀº ³»°¡ ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ µÇÁö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï Çß´Ù. ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ µÇ·Á¸é ´Ù¸¥ ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵鿡°Ô ¼øÀÀ(conform)ÇؾßÇϴµ¥ ³ª´Â ±×·¯±â¸¦ °ÅºÎÇß´Ù. ¿ÀÇØÇÏÁö¸¶¶ó. ³ªµµ ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ ¸Å¿ì µÇ°í ½Í¾ú´Ù. ¸ðµÎ°¡ ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ µÇ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. ³»°¡ ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌ°¡ µÇ¾ú¾ú´õ¶ó¸é ³» »îÀº ¸Å¿ì ÆòźÇßÀ»Áöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù. ÀÌ°Ç »çȸÇÐ ±âº» ¿ø¸®´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ³ª´Â ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵é Ŭ·´¿¡ µé¾î°¡±âÀ§ÇØ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ´ë°¡ (i.e. ¼øÀÀ;conformity)¸¦ ÁöºÒÇϱ⸦ °ÅºÎÇÑ ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù.
This is not, however, the end of the story for TEs. They know that to deny design in the universe is to deny the designer of the universe, which is to deny God, and what is the point of being a TE if you reject the ¡°T¡± part? In order to maintain their membership in the cool kids club TEs slam the front door in God¡¯s face when they deny the reality underlying the apparent design of living things that even atheists admit. But they are perfectly willing to let God in the backdoor just so long as he stays out of sight and doesn¡¯t get them kicked out of the club.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ°Ô ³¡ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¼³°è¸¦ °ÅºÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¼³°èÀÚ¸¦ °ÅºÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÓÀ», ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ´Â ½ÅÀ» °ÅºÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÓÀ» ¾È´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é À¯½ÅÁøȷп¡¼ÀÇ ¡®À¯½Å(theistic)¡¯À̶ó´Â ¸»Àº µµ´ëü ¹«½¼ Àǹ̰¡ Àִ°ÍÀΰ¡? ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵é Ŭ·´ ¸â¹ö½±À» À¯ÁöÇϱâ À§ÇØ À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚµéÀº ¹«½Å·ÐÀڵ鵵 ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Â »ý¸íü°¡ ¼³°èµÈ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀÇ ½ÇÀ縦 °ÅºÎÇÏ¸é¼ ½ÅÀÌ µé¾î¼³ ÀÚ¸®°¡ ¾øµµ·Ï ¹®À» ´Ý¾Æ¹ö¸°´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×µéÀº ±â²¨ÀÌ ½ÅÀ» À§ÇØ µÞ¹®À» ¿¾î³õ´Â´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵é Ŭ·´¿¡¼ ÂѰܳªÁö ¾Ê´Â Á¤µµ·Î ½ÅÀÌ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â Á¤µµ·Î¸¸ ¸Ó¹°¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¸»ÀÌ´Ù.
In this way Barr maintains membership in the academic cool kids club by espousing a Darwinian account of origins that is indistinguishable from that account of origins that atheists like Dawkins and Dennnett espouse. Yet he keeps the ¡°T¡± in his ¡°TE¡± by saying that at a wholly different level of existence God fixed the game so that ¡°random¡± is not really random but directed.
ÀÌ·± ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î Barr´Â µµÅ²½º³ª µ¥³Ý°ú °°Àº ¹«½Å·ÐÀÚµé°ú »ý¸íÀÇ ±â¿ø¿¡ °üÇؼ´Â µ¿ÀÏÇÑ ¼³¸í¹æ½ÄÀ» °í¼öÇÔÀ¸·Î¼ Çа迡¼ÀÇ ÄðÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵é Ŭ·´ ¸â¹ö½±À» À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×´Â ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ´Ù¸¥ Â÷¿ø¿¡¼ Çϳª´ÔÀº ¹«ÀÛÀ§Àû °úÁ¤ÀÌ Á¤¸» ¹«ÀÛÀ§ÀûÀÌ ¾Æ´Ïµµ·Ï ÀεµÇß´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÔÀ¸·Î¼ ¡°À¯½Å¡±À̶ó´Â ŸÀÌƲÀ» À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù.
Here again, the TE position is exactly the same as the YEC position. As we have already seen, you cannot push a YEC off his position by appealing to logic or evidence. Nor can you push Dr. Barr off his position by appealing to logic and evidence. We cannot rule Barr¡¯s position out on strictly logical grounds. God, being God, can certainly fix the dice in an empirically undetectable way if that is how he wants to accomplish his purposes. Nor, by definition, can one rule Barr¡¯s position out empirically short of finding the proverbial ¡°made by YHWH¡± inscription on a cell.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡¼ À¯½ÅÁøÈ·ÐÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÔÀåÀÌ ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÔÀå°ú Á¤È®È÷ ÀÏÄ¡ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ¹Ì º¸¾Æ¿ÔµíÀÌ ÀþÀº Áö±¸·ÐÀڵ鿡°Ô ³í¸®³ª ±Ù°Å¸¦ Á¦½ÃÇÔÀ¸·Î¼ ±×µéÀ» ¼³µæÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Barr ¹Ú»ç¿Í °°Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ °¡Áø ÀÔÀå ¿ª½Ã ³í¸®³ª ±Ù°Å¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¼³µæÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ³í¸®·Î Barr ¹Ú»çÀÇ ÀÔÀåÀ» ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù. Çϳª´Ô²²¼ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ» ÀÌ·ç±â À§ÇØ ¿ì¸®°¡ °æÇèÀûÀ¸·Î ŽÁöÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÁÖ»çÀ§ °ÔÀÓÀ» ¹Ù²Ù¾î³õ¾ÒÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ¼³·É ¿ì¸®°¡ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ ¡®¾ßÈÑ°¡ ¸¸µé¾úÀ½¡¯À̶ó´Â ¹®ÀåÀ» °æÇèÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ß°ßÇß´ÙÇѵé BarrÀÇ ÀÔÀåÀ» ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù.